Anatomy and Physiology II Practice Test

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Test your understanding with the Anatomy and Physiology II Test. Use flashcards and multiple choice questions with hints and explanations to succeed. Prepare efficiently and boost your confidence!

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What type of immunity develops after exposure to microorganisms, such as the mumps virus?

Natural active immunity
Natural passive immunity
Artificial active immunity
Artificial passive immunity

The correct answer is: Natural active immunity

Natural active immunity develops as a direct result of exposure to pathogens, such as the mumps virus. When a person is infected with a virus or bacterium, their immune system responds by creating specific antibodies to fight the infection. This process involves the activation of B cells, which produce antibodies, and T cells, which help to recognize and attack infected cells. Over time, the immune system retains a memory of the pathogens, allowing for a quicker and more effective response if the individual is exposed to the same pathogen in the future. This long-lasting immunity is a key feature of natural active immunity, distinguishing it from other types of immunity that might involve antibodies acquired from different sources or routes. In contrast, natural passive immunity occurs when antibodies are transferred from one individual to another, such as from mother to infant through breast milk. Artificial active immunity involves vaccination, where a person is exposed to a weakened or inactive form of a pathogen to stimulate an immune response without causing disease. Lastly, artificial passive immunity entails the transfer of antibodies made by another individual, typically through medical interventions like antibody injections, which provide immediate but temporary protection.